Surgery

We are living in a high-technology century of laser treatment and microsurgery development, so it may seem that we are not any more concerned about problems of “usual” treatment – that we used to visit dentists for. Of course due to new technologies there is an obvious decrease in the frequency and severity of inflammations in the maxillofacial spheres that need surgical interference. Still there occur indications for planned and emergency tooth extractions (wisdom teeth in particular) and also cyst excision that might have appeared as a result of an inflammatory process in the upper or lateral part of the tooth root. Besides there are other inflammatory processes that require a thorough planned treatment, such as: oral fibroma of mucous membrane, oncological processes etc.

Tooth extraction

If many years ago it was important to extract a tooth “as soon as possible and all means were good for that”, now extractions are performed by most preserving methods with maximal saving of the tissues (bone and mucous membrane), surrounding the tooth.

In case of necessity replanting of osteoinductive materials is performed, but also there may be done a single-stage implantation. In any case, a dental surgeon always has a clear idea what will be done after the extraction and adapts tissues in a way that will be most convenient for the patient’s future dental prosthetics.

Wisdom tooth extraction (the last molars).

This procedure is widely known, many of you have already passed through it and in the lives of others such procedure is only going to take place. Everything is not so scary as it may seem if we make a small investigation in this process. It is true that wisdom teeth are often liable to be extracted as in most cases they are located absolutely inconvenient for both a dentist and a patient.

The procedure is the following: the dentist moves back the gum, then takes off the bone edge, then part of the tooth and only then extracts it.

It may take quite a long time. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia in such a way that the patient doesn’t feel pain at all. Though he/she may feel tired of spending so much time sitting in one and the same position. This discomfort may be successfully avoided by inviting an anesthesiologist who will provide the patient with the feeling of a pleasant dream through the whole operation.

Excision of cysts, situated in the root part of the tooth.

A cyst – is a tumor-like neoplasm of a round shape, consisting of a tunic and secretion that is in it. It can be caused by an inflammatory process in the upper or lateral part of the tooth root that penetrated from the “nerve”.

Such cysts, as a rule, never transform into malignant ones, but from time to time, usually it happens in the most unsuitable moment, they become aggravated and due to their size growth they move apart the surrounding tissues, reducing the volume of tissues. (in the most neglected cases radicular cysts lead to jaw fracture).

The treatment consists of two stages:

1. Therapeutic treatment – root canal treatment. Sometimes this stage of treatment with the help of x-ray control make it possible to achieve good results. Then there is an opportunity to delay the surgical interference or avoid it at all.

2. Surgical treatment – cyst removal, segmental root resection of the inflammatory part, retrograde filling of the remaining root. The procedure is performed in the outpatient setting under local anesthesia, if the general patient’s condition and the cyst size allows.

Retentional cysts of minor salivary glands

Retentional cysts of minor salivary glands that can be observed in all sections of the mucous membrane appear as a result of the glandular obstruction. In a case of necessity such kinds of cysts are removed in the outpatient setting under local anesthesia. It is important to know that greater salivary glands (parotid, submandibular and sublingual) also may undergo such pathologic processes.

Benign neoplasms of mucous membrane

Benign neoplasms of mucous membrane are classified into epithelial (papillomas) and connective-tissue (fibromas). They appear as a result of an acute or chronic trauma and are easily removed in the outpatient setting and sometimes they pass off by themselves after the removal of the traumatizing factor. In any case the received during the operation material is obligatory sent to histological study. 

A timely visit to a dentist will help to make the treatment of mucous membrane erosion and ulcer more rapid and effective. 

Unfortunately there is also a possibility of malignant tumors. To distinguish them from the above mentioned ones it is necessary to possess special knowledge. That is why it is so important to make an appointment to a dentist as soon as possible if you feel any changes in your mouth